Hexadecane (n-Hexadecane) is an aliphatic long-chain hydrocarbon. It is a reference fuel with the cetane number 100 and is employed in determining the cetane number of diesel fuels. The mechanism of the oxidation of hexadecane in the gas-phase has been described. The density, speed of sound, adiabatic compressibility and compressed liquid density of hexadecane have been determined. The performance of platinum/zeolite catalysts for the hydroisomerization of n-hexadecane has been assessed. The thermal degradation of n-hexadecane forms n-alkanes and 1-alkenes as key products.